Global trade has seen substantial changes, influenced by various factors shaping the current economic landscape. Understanding the main drivers of global trade and identifying emerging markets is essential for businesses and policymakers.

Technological progress plays a crucial role in driving global trade. Innovations in transportation, such as containerisation and advanced logistics, have reduced shipping costs and improved the efficiency of international trade. Additionally, digital technologies, including blockchain and artificial intelligence, improve supply chain transparency and security. These technologies allow real-time tracking of goods, minimize fraud, and optimize inventory management. Consequently, businesses can operate more efficiently and respond swiftly to market demands, fostering increased trade activities. Additionally, the rise of digital platforms facilitates cross-border e-commerce, enabling consumers and businesses to access global markets with ease.

Emerging markets are becoming key players in global trade, contributing to the shifting dynamics of the international economy. Countries like China, India, Brazil, and Vietnam have seen rapid economic growth, driven by industrialization, urbanization, and a growing middle class. These markets offer lucrative opportunities for businesses seeking to expand their operations and tap into new consumer bases. For instance, China's Belt and Road Initiative (BRI) seeks to enhance connectivity and trade between Asia, Europe, and Africa, creating new trade routes and investment opportunities. Moreover, international trade nowadays regional trade agreements, such as the African Continental Free Trade Area (AfCFTA), promote economic integration and increase intra-regional trade in emerging markets.

Trade policies and agreements continue to shape the global trade environment. Multilateral bodies, such as the World Trade Organization (WTO), are key in facilitating trade negotiations and resolving disputes among member countries. Recent trade policy developments, including the transformation of the North American Free Trade Agreement (NAFTA) into the United States-Mexico-copyright Agreement (USMCA), show the evolving priorities of nations in safeguarding their economic interests while promoting trade. Additionally, the Comprehensive and Progressive Agreement for Trans-Pacific Partnership (CPTPP) exemplifies efforts to deepen economic integration and reduce trade barriers among member countries. Comprehending these trade agreements and policies is vital for businesses to effectively navigate the complexities of global trade.